The software displays the image, and the user defines the line for analysis. The image is rotated by the angle of the line. The line profile is calculated by averaging one

dimension of the cropped rotated image matrix. The spatial resolution in averaged line profile is not decreased compared with single-pixel line profile, which was confirmed by the discrete Fourier transform computed with a fast Fourier transform algorithm. We conclude that the custom software tool presented here is a useful tool to analyse line profiles of fluorescence BAY 63-2521 in vivo intensities in confocal images.”
“Background: Treatment of head and neck malignancy commonly involves radiotherapy, which is associated with the development of carotid artery stenosis. There is little evidence to guide clinicians on how to intervene in significant postradiotherapy carotid stenosis. This systematic review collated data pertaining to perioperative outcomes of carotid artery surgery and carotid stenting in postradiotherapy carotid stenosis

to aid the clinical decision-making process.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guidelines, was performed. We screened 575 articles related to carotid artery surgery or stenting in postradiotherapy carotid stenosis, from Selleckchem CH5424802 which 21 studies were included for quantitative analysis. The primary outcome was stroke

or death <= 30 days of the procedure. Secondary outcomes included cranial nerve injury, restenosis, stroke, and death at >30 days.

Results: Nine publications GANT61 cell line recorded 211 surgical procedures in 179 patients. In symptomatic patients, the 30-day mortality rate was 2.6% and the stroke or death rate was 2.7%. In asymptomatic patients, the 30-day mortality rate was 0% and the stroke or death rate was 1.1%. Permanent cranial nerve palsy was experienced by 0.6% of patients. Twelve publications recorded 510 carotid artery stenting procedures in 482 patients. In symptomatic patients, the 30-day mortality rate was 5.1%, and the stroke or death rate was 5.1%. In asymptomatic patients, the 30-day mortality rate was 1.4%, and the stroke or death rate was 2.1%. There was no statistically significant difference in 30-day stroke or death rate between surgical revascularization and carotid artery stenting in all (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-1.70; P = .43), symptomatic (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.14-1.98; P = .38), or asymptomatic patients (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.06-5.42; P = .99).