61. Klassen G, Pedrosa FO, Souza EM, Funayama S, Rigo LU: Effect of nitrogen compounds on nitrogenase activity in Herbaspirillum seropedicae SMR1. Can J Bacteriol 1997, 43:887–891. 62. Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S: MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using likelihood, distance, and parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 2011, 28:2731–2739.PubMedCrossRef 63. Edgar RC: MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with

high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 2004, 32:1792–1797.PubMedCrossRef 64. Skorpil P, Saad MM, Boukli NM, Kobayashi H, Ares-orpel F, Broughton WJ, Deakin WJ: Nop, a phosphorylated effector of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234, is a major determinant of nodulation of the tropical legumes ML323 cell line Flemingia congesta and Tephrosia vogelii. Mol Microbiol 2005, 57:1304–1317.PubMedCrossRef

65. Broughton WJ, Dilworth MJ: Quisinostat purchase Control of EPZ-6438 mw leghaemoglobin synthesis in snake beans. Biochem J 1971, 125:1075–1080.PubMed 66. Hoagland D, Arnon DI: The water culture method for growing plants without soil. California Agriculture Experimental Station Circular 1950, 347:1–32. 67. James EK, Olivares FL, Baldani JI, Dobereiner J: Herbaspirillum , an endophytic diazotroph colonizing vascular tissue in leaves of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench J Exp Bot 1996, 48:785–797.CrossRef Authors’ contributions Conceived and designed the work: FOP, RAM and EMS. Performed the experiments: MAS, EB, RW, HF, FLO and VAB. Performed assembly, annotation, and bioinformatics analyses: MAS, EB, RW, LMC, VAW, HF, EMS, RAM, HMFM, LPF, MHPF, FMP, LFPP, LGEC. Wrote the manuscript: RAM, EMS, MGY and MAS. Prepared Lepirudin figures: LMC, RAM, EB and MAS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Truffles are hypogeous ectomycorrhizal Ascomycetes belonging to the order Pezizales. The most sought-after species belong to the Tuber genus and include Tuber melanosporum Vittad. (Périgord black truffle), Tuber

magnatum Pico (Italian white truffle), Tuber aestivum Vittad. (Burgundy truffle) and Tuber borchii Vittad. (bianchetto). Amongst these the Italian white truffle commands the highest prices. This truffle grows in many regions of Italy: from Piedmont in the north, where Alba is the most famous production area, to Basilicata in the extreme south of Italy [1]. It is also found in Croatia and has recently been found, although in small quantities, in Romania, Serbia, Hungary and Slovenia [2–4]. Methods have been developed to produce T. magnatum infected trees using spore inoculation techniques [5–7] or root organ cultures [8]. However, while some successes are reported [9] in general attempts to cultivate this truffle species have met with failure [1, 10, 11]. This failure to produce T. magnatum fruiting bodies from cultivated plots has been compounded by falling harvests from natural truffières, attributed to deforestation, changing forest management practices, global warming since the last ice age as well as acid rain [12].