7 and excited with light of the wavelength of 450 nm. Fluorescence emission was detected at 475 – 550 nm. Cultures of the wildtype strains served as negative control. For quantification of the fluorescence the luminescence spectrometer LS 50 B (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used. Construction of D. shibae DFL12T dnr (Dshi_3189) deletion mutants To obtain gene

deletion mutants from D. shibae DFL12T, the well-established suicide vector for Gram-negative bacteria pEX18Ap was PD0332991 chemical structure used [48]. To construct the gene deletion vector pEX18Δdnr::Gmr, the SacI-digested Ω-gentamicin resistance cassette of pPS858 [48] was cloned between two PCR fragments of the dnr gene (Dshi_3189) in the multiple cloning site of pEX18Ap. The two PCR fragments contained DNA homologous to upstream

and downstream regions of the Dshi_3189 gene. A 652-bp fragment containing the upstream promoter region of Dshi_3189 was amplified using primer oPT19 (5′-GGGGTACCAATGCCATGACCT ACTTC-3′), which contains a KpnI restriction site at the 5′ end, and oPT20 (5′-CGAGCTCCGCATGAACGAGTCATCTT-3′), containing a SacI site (both restriction sites underlined). The primers oPT21 (5′-CGAGCTCAGCAGAACCATGCGGAGAT-3′), containing a SacI site, and oPT22 (LDC000067 clinical trial 5′-CCCAAGCTTTCACCAGCGGGCTTTTC-3′), which contains a HindIII site (both restriction sites underlined), amplified 758 bp of the corresponding downstream region of Dshi_3198. The suicide vector https://www.selleckchem.com/products/cbl0137-cbl-0137.html pEX18Δdnr::Gmr was used to replace

the Dshi_3198 gene with the Ω-gentamicin cassette. To confirm homologous recombination PCR analysis was performed. Furthermore, the growth behaviour of the resulting mutants was analysed under anaerobic conditions with nitrate as electron acceptor, as outlined before [57]. Acknowledgements This work was supported by funding from the VW foundation and the Font of the Chemischen Sulfite dehydrogenase Industrie. We thank Dr. Thorsten Brinkhoff for isolation and providing bacterial strains. The work of Andreas Raschka, Sarah Borg and Nadine Nachtigall is also highly acknowledged. References 1. Bruhn JB, Nielsen KF, Hjelm M, Hansen M, Bresciani J, Schulz S, Gram L: Ecology, inhibitory activity, and morphogenesis of a marine antagonistic bacterium belonging to the Roseobacter clade. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005, 71:7263–7270.CrossRefPubMed 2. Wagner-Döbler I, Biebl H: Environmental biology of the marine Roseobacter lineage. Annu Rev Microbiol 2006, 60:225–280.CrossRef 3. Brinkhoff T, Bach G, Heidorn T, Liang L, Schlingloff A, Simon M: Antibiotic production by a Roseobacter clade-affiliated species from the German Wadden Sea and its antagonistic effects on indigenous isolates. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004, 70:2560–2565.CrossRefPubMed 4. Brinkhoff T, Giebel HA, Simon M: Diversity, ecology, and genomics of the Roseobacter clade: a short overview. Arch Microbiol 2008, 189:531–539.CrossRefPubMed 5.