“
“Objectives:Stroke is elevated in people of black African descent, but evidence for excess subclinical cerebrovascular disease is conflicting, and the role of risk factors in determining any ethnic differences observed unexplored.Methods:We compared prevalence of brain

infarcts, and severe white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on cerebral MRI, in a community-based sample of men and women aged 58-86 of African Caribbean (214) and European (605) descent, in London, UK. Resting, central and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) were measured; diabetes was assessed by blood Fosbretabulin chemical structure testing and questionnaire.Results:Mean age was 70. Multiple (4) brain infarcts and severe WMH occurred more frequently in African Caribbeans (18/43%), than Europeans (7/33%, P=0.05/0.008). Separately, clinic and night-time ambulatory Compound C supplier BP were significantly associated with severe WMH in both ethnic groups; when both were entered into the model, the association for clinic SBP was attenuated and lost statistical significance [1.00 (0.98-1.02) P=0.9 in Europeans, 1.00 (0.97-1.04) P=0.9 in African Caribbeans], whereas the association for night-time SBP was retained [1.04 (1.02-1.07) P<0.001 in Europeans, 1.08 (1.03-1.12), P=0.001 in African Caribbeans]. The greater age-adjusted and sex-adjusted risk of severe WMH in African Caribbeans compared with Europeans [2.08 (1.15-3.76) P=0.02], was

attenuated to 1.45 [(0.74-2.83) P=0.3] on adjustment for clinic and night-time systolic pressure, antihypertensive BMS-777607 datasheet medication use and glycated haemoglobin.Conclusion:African Caribbeans have a greater burden of subclinical cerebrovascular disease than Europeans. This excess is related to elevated clinic and ambulatory BP, and to hyperglycaemia.”
“Background: This case report describes a patient who developed severe bradycardia due to transdermal fentanyl. There have been no prior case reports of this occurring in palliative care, but the frequency of association of

fentanyl with bradycardia in the anesthesia setting suggests it may be more common than realized. Palliative care settings often have a policy of not routinely checking vital signs, and symptoms of bradycardia could be misinterpreted as the dying process.\n\nCase presentation: A patient with recurrent ovarian cancer was admitted with nausea and abdominal pain due to bowel obstruction and fever from a urinary tract infection. A switch from injectable hydromorphone to transdermal fentanyl resulted in symptomatic severe bradycardia within 36 h, without any other signs of opioid toxicity and with good analgesic effect.\n\nCase management: The fentanyl patch was removed. Atropine was not required.\n\nCase outcome: The patient made an uneventful recovery. Transdermal buprenorphine was subsequently used satisfactorily for long-term background pain control, with additional hydromorphone when needed.