Case definitions such

as those provided by the Brighton Collaboration Diarrhoea Working Group are an important step in this direction [10]. Data collected from recent rotavirus surveillance studies in India were used for detailed clinical analysis in this study. All components of the Vesikari scoring key were assessed among 934 children with and without rotavirus gastroenteritis. Given the lack of published data on other presentations, additional clinical findings on seizures, respiratory illness, sepsis, etc. as well as factors that may affect evaluation of diarrhoea such as protein energy malnutrition and lactose intolerance were assessed in a subset of 470 children where data were available from hospital records. The Brighton Working Group suggested about 19 variables for describing Selleck PI3K Inhibitor Library diarrhoeal episodes. It was recognized that some parameters such as nausea, tenesmus and cramping may be difficult to determine in very small children. Other features such as visual consistency of stool and presence of blood or mucus were not ascertained

in this study. Comparison of the Clark and Vesikari scores showed moderate correlation between absolute scores, but the two systems greatly differed in their description of mild and severe disease. The two methods did not differ greatly in the assessment of diarrhoea, check details but varied for vomiting. The Clark system also includes duration of fever and behavioural symptoms, such as lethargy or irritability, which are not included in the Vesikari score. The lack of clinical data on the duration of the behavioural symptoms prevented the assessment of severity using

the Clark’s scoring key in a larger subset of children. However, in the 156 cases assessed, it was noted that the Clark’s scoring system resulted in an under estimate of cases that appeared clinically severe and required intravenous rehydration. Although the disparity in the numerical score appears to be largely due to the range used for each category, a previous study modified the range, without a marked difference in severity assessment [9]. The Vesikari scoring 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase key has been more extensively used in hospital based studies on rotavirus diarrhoea and in clinical trials of vaccines, but a protocol for assessment of severity needs to define where, how and when data will be collected. Active and passive surveillance studies, frequency, timing and method of assessment in active studies, sources of information on duration and treatment will all influence the data from which a score is calculated. For example, accurate temperature measurements are possible in hospital but may not always be possible in all field studies.