Case Report A 55-year-old obese male presented with an intermittent right scrotal mass of 6 years’ duration. The mass lesion protruded through the right inguinal canal before Docetaxel voiding and reduced in size thereafter. The patient complained of a reduction

in the force, caliber, intermittency, and frequency of urination. Scrotal examination revealed a soft scrotal mass with size variation related to voiding. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical A digital rectal examination revealed only mild prostatic enlargement. There was no underline disease in the patient’s past medical history, and his surgical history was negative. Urinalysis and renal function test and serum chemistry parameters were normal. Scrotal sonography, Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical conducted to characterize the nature of the mass, demonstrated a hypoechoic lesion in the scrotum which stretched proximally to the intra-abdominal portion of the bladder. Change in the volume of the lesion during micturition was a diagnostic clue. Excretory urography was performed and showed a duplicated system in the left kidney with deviation of the left orifice to the right side of the trigon (figure 1), and cystography

illustrated herniation of the Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical bladder to the right scrotum (figure 2). Figure 1 An intravenous urogram, showing a duplicated system in the left kidney and the fusion of both ureters in the distal portion with deviation of the left orifice to Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the right side of the trigon. Figure 2 Cystogram, demonstrating herniation of the bladder to the right scrotum. The patient was scheduled for the surgical repair of the hernia under spinal anesthesia

and in supine position. After placement of a urethral catheter, right inguinal incision was made. Next, the herniated bladder was dissected and reduced to the pelvic cavity. The floor of the right Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical inguinal canal was thereafter reinforced with Prolene mesh. Finally, the urethral catheter was removed the day after surgery, and the patient was discharged after successful voiding. Follow-up cystography was done one month later and revealed no herniation (figure 3). The patient’s urinary complaints were significantly Resveratrol reduced after surgery. Figure 3 Follow-up cystography after surgery, revealing no herniation. Discussion Bladder hernia is usually asymptomatic, often occurs on the right side, and is direct in type. Small bladder hernia is usually asymptomatic, whereas large bladder hernia presents with intermittent swelling in the groin or the scrotum and lower urinary tract symptoms such as frequency, nocturia, and urgency, which may secondary to bladder outlet obstruction or secondary infection that is often superimposed.2 Large scrotal bladder hernia presents with two-stage micturition involving natural bladder emptying with a second-stage voiding by manual compression of the hernia.5 Change in the size of the hernia is correlated with the degree of bladder filling.