Control animals received implants either without rhBMP-2 or with autogenous bone chips from the iliac crest. L5-6 vertebrae were recovered 8 weeks postoperatively. Interspinous process fusion was evaluated by radiography, biomechanical bending test, intradiscal pressure (IDP) measurement, and histology.
In bending tests, strength of fusion was significantly greater in BMP60
and BMP120 groups than in sham, BMP0, BMP30 or autogenous bone groups. IDP at L5-6 was significantly reduced in BMP60 and BMP120 groups compared to sham, BMP0, BMP30, and autograft groups. Histologically, coronal sections of the fusion mass showed a bone mass bridging both spinous processes.
Solid interspinous process fusion was achieved in
rabbit models by 8 weeks after implanting THZ1 molecular weight the biodegradable bone-inducing material. These results suggest a potential new less-invasive option without bone grafting for the treatment of lumbar disorders.”
“BACKGROUND: Chemical warfare (CW) agents are highly toxic compounds and have been used in war to produce physical immobilization, so safe and effective ways to Nocodazole detoxify them without endangering human life or the environment is of great concern. One of the important ways to achieve protection against CW agents contaminating air is to utilize suitable adsorbent materials, e.g. activated carbon, nanoparticles, etc. In the present study nanoparticles, synthesized through sol-gel processes and loaded with reactive compounds have been used for the degradation of CW agents and to understand their adsorption kinetics using Fickian and linear driving force models.
RESULTS: Nanoparticles of
AP-Al2O3 (aerogel-produced alumina) Autophagy Compound Library in the size range 2-30 nm with high surface area (375 m(2) g(-1)) were produced by an alkoxide-based synthesis, and then characterized using N-2-Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. Thereafter, these were impregnated, and finally tested for kinetics of adsorption of sulfur mustard (HD) under static conditions. The kinetics was studied using linear driving force and Fickian diffusion models and the kinetics parameters determined.
CONCLUSION: AP-Al2O3 with 10% impregnation of 9-molybdo-3-vanadophosphoric acid (10%, w/w) showed the maximum uptake (640 mg g(-1)) of HD. The highest adsorption potential indicated that the adsorption was due not only to physisorption but also involved chemisorption. Values of the diffusional exponent indicated the mechanism to be Fickian and anomalous. Hydrolysis, dehydrochlorination and oxidation reactions (identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS)) were found to be the route of degradation of HD over the prepared nanoparticle based adsorbents.