Establishing the commonalities of depression and drug-seeking behaviour will allow us to elucidate the factors driving the high co-morbidity between mood disorders and drug dependence. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Environmental pollutants in the soil are a major concern worldwide. Bioremediation mediated by microorganisms is a highly

promising technology that is environmentally friendly, safe, Lazertinib chemical structure and effective. However, incomplete biological information regarding the cellular responses in many microbial communities restricts progress in the site-specific mineralization process. The application of proteomics in environmental bioremediation research provides a global view of the protein compositions of the microbial cells and offers

a promising approach to address the molecular mechanisms of bioremediation. With selleck chemical the combination of proteomics, functional genomics provide an insight into global metabolic and regulatory networks that can enhance the understanding of gene functions. This article deals with the applications of functional genomics and proteomics to dissect the cellular responses to environmental stimuli, such as stress response, induction and expressions of regulatory proteins/enzymes in response to aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. An understanding of the growth conditions governing the expression of the proteome (for example, enzymes and regulatory proteins of aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, energy generation pathways, transport and stress-related proteins) in a specific environment is essential for developing rational strategies for successful bioremediation.”
“In studying categorization, cognitive science has focused primarily on cultural categorization, ignoring individual and institutional categorization. Because recent technological developments

second have made individual and institutional classification systems much more available and powerful, our understanding of the cognitive and social mechanisms that produce these systems is increasingly important. Furthermore, key aspects of categorization that have received little previous attention emerge from considering diverse types of categorization together, such as the social factors that create stability in classification systems, and the interoperability that shared conceptual systems establish between agents. Finally, the profound impact of recent technological developments on classification systems indicates that basic categorization mechanisms are highly adaptive, producing new classification systems as the situations in which they operate change.”
“Fatigue, defined as difficulty in initiating or sustaining voluntary activities, can be classified as physical or mental, and physical fatigue can be classified as peripheral or central (spinal or supraspinal).