In this study, we investigated the expression of P2X3 and TRPV1 receptors by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in lumbosacral DRGs from wild type, ER alpha, and ER beta knockout mice. We found a significant decrease for both P2X3 and TRPV1 in ER
alpha KO and ER beta KO. This phenomenon was visualized in L1, L2, L4, and L6 levels for P2X3 receptors and in L1, L2, and S2 levels for TRPV1 receptors. This tan interaction between P2X3/TRPV1 CX-6258 and ERs expression in sensory neurons may represent a novel mechanism that can explain the sex differences in nociception observed in clinical practice. The DRG is an important site of visceral afferent convergence and cross-sensitization and a potential target for designing new anti-nociceptive therapies. NeuroReport 23:530-534 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“How does signalling via PI3K-PKB (AKT)-mTORC1-p70S6K and ERK-p90RSK mediate wide-ranging physiological responses to insulin? Quantitative proteomics and biochemical experiments are revealing that these signalling pathways induce the phosphorylation of large and overlapping sets of proteins, which
are then captured by phosphoprotein-binding proteins named 14-3-3 s. The 14-3-3 s are dimers; that dock onto dual-phosphorylated sites in a configuration with special signalling and mechanical properties. They interact with the Rab GTPase-activating proteins AS160 and TBC1D1 to regulate glucose uptake into target tissues in response to insulin and energy stress. Dynamic patterns in the 14-3-3-binding phosphoproteome are LY2109761 clinical trial providing new insights into how insulin triggers coherent shifts in metabolism that are integrated with other cellular response systems.”
“This study examined
the effects of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on sciatic nerve ligation-induced mechanical pain hypersensitivity in rats. The nociceptive threshold was evaluated using the paw pressure vocalization test. Seven days after nerve ligation, Q-VD-Oph cell line animals receiving a single PRF session (120 s/2 Hz/45 V/42 degrees C) on L4-5-6 dorsal root ganglia ipsilateral to a chronic constriction injury (CCI) showed a reduced sensory hypersensitivity at H4 6 and 1 day after PRF as compared with animals without PRF. One day after PRF, the effect of morphine (2 mg/kg, subcutaneous) increased the nociceptive threshold in the no PRF/CCI group and more extensively in PRF/CCI animals. These results showed that PRF might represent an interesting strategy not only to reduce neuropathic pain but also to enhance the efficacy of morphine in patients with neuropathic pain, well known to be opioid resistant. NeuroReport 23:535-539 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“Growth hormone (GH) affects somatic growth, sexual maturation, body composition and metabolism, as well as aging and longevity.