(PACE 2011; 89-95).”
“Study Design. This is a technical note and review of the literature.
Objective. We propose to describe a revised surgical technique of C1 lateral mass screw insertion with protection of C1-C2 venous sinus surrounding the C2 nerve root.
Summary of Background Data. During C1 lateral mass screw insertion and in posterior C1-C2 fixation, iatrogenic injury of C1-C2 venous sinus results in bleeding, which is troublesome. Appropriate management of the venous
sinus in this region is critical to successful surgery in this complex anatomic region.
Methods. We reviewed 48 patients who underwent posterior C1-C2 fixation at our institution between September 2001 and October 2008. Twenty-four atlas screws were inserted by the originally described C1 lateral mass screw technique (group A), and 28 through a revised posterior arch and lateral mass screw technique (C1 transpedicular
Selleckchem Temsirolimus screw) (group B). The final group of 44 atlas screws was placed with our newly revised technique (group C).
Results. Bleeding of venous sinus was encountered in 3 group A, 2 group B, and 1 group selleck chemicals llc C atlas screw insertions. The incidence rate was 12.50% (A), 7.14% (B), and 2.27% (C). Statistical comparison showed no significant difference between the groups. All the cases were followed for a mean period of 28.1 month. Four patients in group A complained of postoperative numbness in occipitocervical region. No patients in group B or group C voiced this complaint. A high fusion rate was found in all 3 groups with no signs of implant failure.
Conclusion. Bleeding of C1-C2 venous sinus is vigorous and frustrating. The revised technique we describe provides theoretical and practical protection of venous sinus. In addition, the firm bony purchase of screws
afforded by this technique contributes to achieving stabilization of the upper cervical Sapanisertib nmr spine and a high fusion rate.”
“Objective. The aim of this study was to find a relation between erosion and microhardness of root canal dentin after irrigation with different canal irrigants.
Study design. Seventy-two single-canal human premolar teeth were selected and enlarged by rotary Protaper files. The middle part of each root was transversely sectioned to a 4-mm slice. The initial microhardness values of intact specimens were measured at depths of 100 mu m and 500 mu m from the pulp-dentin interface using a Vickers microhardness tester. the specimens were divided into 6 groups of 12 specimens and were treated as follows: 1: 2.6% NaOCl, 2: 17% EDTA (5 minutes) then 2.6% NaOCl (5 minutes), 3: 17% EDTA (1 minute) then 2.6% NaOCl (1 minute), 4: MTAD (5 minutes), 5: 2% Chlorhexidine (5 minutes), and 6: saline (control), respectively. Posttreatment microhardness values were obtained in the same manner as the initial ones.