Physiological and clinical benefits were observed at 24 weeks Ef

Physiological and clinical benefits were observed at 24 weeks. Efficacy responses

were better among Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage III patients [n = 14; change in residual volume/total lung capacity (Delta RV/TLC) = -7.4 +/- 10.3%; Delta forced expiratory volume in 1 s (Delta FEV(1)) = +15.9 +/- 22.6%; change in forced vital capacity (Delta FVC) = +24.1 +/- 22.7%; change in carbon monoxide lung diffusion capacity (Delta DLCO) = +19.3 +/- 34.8%; change in 6-min walk test (Delta 6MWD) = +28.7 +/- 59.6 m; change in Medical Research Council Dyspnea (Delta MRCD) score = -1.0 +/- 1.04 units; change in St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (Delta SGRQ) score = -9.9 +/- 15.3 units] than for GOLD stage IV patients (n = 7; Delta RV/TLC = -0.5 +/- 6.4%; Delta FEV 1 = +2.3 +/- 12.3%; Delta FVC = +2.6 +/- 21.1%; RSL3 nmr Delta DLCO = -2.8 +/- 17.2%; Delta 6MWD = +28.3 +/- 58.4

m; Delta MRCD = 0.3 +/- 0.81 units; Delta SGRQ = -6.7 +/- 7.0 units). Conclusions: ELS therapy shows promise MEK162 for treating patients with advanced heterogeneous emphysema. Additional studies to assess responses in a larger cohort with a longer follow-up are warranted. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“The choice of anterior instrumentation in the treatment of lumbar scoliosis in adolescents and young adults is not a new topic for the authors. The first results achieved using the Dwyer surgical modality were reported by one of the authors followed by the results achieved using Zielke (VDS) instrumentation.

Today, new techniques and new instrumentations have been developed that challenge the instrumentation choices. Here we describe how the new system of classification of scoliotic curves we developed has been used as a basis for treating idiopathic scoliosis in lumbar area in adolescents and young adults using an anterior approach.

A prospective study was carried out between 1998 and 2010 at two hospital centers on 33 adolescents and young adult with idiopathic lumbar scoliosis involving curves of three kinds, on whom surgical treatment was performed using a single solid rod. Topography of curves: our system of classification includes curves corresponding to the following three type of scoliosis: Type K I: double thoracic and lumbar curves (lumbar predominant) scoliosis (17 cases) mean Anlotinib molecular weight age 16 years all female patients. Mean Cobb angle of lumbar curve 41A degrees. Mean Cobb angle of thoracic curve 28A degrees. The lumbar curve was left hand convex in 15 cases and right hand convex in 2 cases. Horizontal tilting of L4 mean value 22A degrees. C7 offset mean value 3 cm. Type K IV A: unbalanced thoracolumbar scoliosis (13 cases) mean age 17 years, ten female patients and three male patients. Mean Cobb angle of thoracolumbar curve 39A degrees. The thoracolumbar curve was left hand convex 4 times and right hand convex 9 times. Horizontal tilting of L4 mean value 18A degrees.

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