Results: In both groups, pain decrement at the mentioned time points was significant (P<0.001), but had no significant difference (P>0.05), indicating the similar effect of both drugs on pain improvement. In the SV group, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting were improved significantly, while in the Sumatriptan group, only photophobia and vomiting were decreased significantly, indicating the advantage of SV in improving

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the associated symptoms. Nausea, vomiting, facial paresthesia, and hypotension were more significantly frequent in the Sumatriptan group than in the SV group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intravenous SV (400 mg) was as effective as subcutaneous Sumatriptan in the treatment of acute migraine attacks, but with more improvement in associated symptoms and with fewer side effects. Trial Registration Number: IRCT201108025943N4 Keywords: Migraine, Sodium valproate, Sumatriptan Introduction Migraine commonly presents as a unilateral (60%), pulsatile (85%) headache which is usually associated with nausea (90%), vomiting (30%), photophobia Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical and phonophobia (80%), and fatigue.1 Age shows a bimodal distribution in men and women, peaking in the late teens and 20s and around 50 years of age.2 The male-to-female ratio is 1/1 before puberty and 1/3 after puberty.3 The comorbidities of migraine are psychiatric (depression), neurological Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical (narcolepsy),

cardiovascular (patent foramen ovale), and others (fibromyalgia). Also, migraine has been known as a risk factor for other diseases such as panic attack, asthma, myocardial infarction, and depression.4 Migraine has two forms: classic (with aura) and common (without aura). The pathogenesis of aura and migraine headache is intracranial vasoconstriction and extracranial vasodilatation, respectively.1 Recent Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical studies have revealed that

focal cerebral Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical ischemia occurs during migraine attacks. Vascular changes in migraine are secondary to primary dysfunction in the brain stem neurons.1 The predisposing factors for migraine attacks include  neck muscle pain, alcohol or coffee consumption, smoking, chronic stress, physical inactivity, hormonal changes, being female, low socioeconomic status and educational level, depression, sleep disturbance, obesity, diet (tyramine, monosodium glutamate, chocolate, nuts, and dried fruits), Carfilzomib sudden changes in weather, hot and humid climates, bright light, and consumption of painkillers, oral contraceptive pills, or drugs such as dipyridamole and Dorsomorphin AMPK Trinitroglycerin.1,5-9 The treatment depends on whether migraine is acute or chronic. Patients with headaches lasting for more than 4 days per month may need prophylactic drugs.10 Nowadays, the most prevalent prophylactic drugs are Propranolol, sodium valproate, Topiramate, Amitriptyline, Verapamil, Gabapentin, Cyproheptadine, and Pizotifen.11-14 Acupuncture, relaxation therapy, biofeedback, and cognitive behavioral therapy also may have some benefits.