The results obtained show that environmental damage cost would be important and should be considered in the process design. Copyright (C) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Objectives: Although cognitive adaptation theory suggests that personal control acts as a stress buffer when facing adversity, maladaptive outcomes might occur when control is disconfirmed. The moderating effect of disappointing news on the adaptiveness

of personal control over cure in lumen with breast cancer was examined and contrasted with the effect on the adaptiveness of general control over life. Additionally, the underlying beliefs and correlates of control over cure were explored.

Methods: Women with newly diagnosed breast cancer were assessed after surgery (n = 228). For a sub-sample (n = 133) data before surgery and after the end of treatment were available as well. Data were collected through questionnaires and face-to-face

Stattic interviews. The prescription of chemotherapy after surgery was used as an indicator of disappointing news.

Results: A chemotherapy prescription neither enhances nor limits the adaptiveness of disease-specific or general control perceptions. Women reported that maintaining a positive Galardin attitude, accepting treatment and adopting a healthy life style gave them a sense of control over cure. Women with a strong sense of control over cure more often had invasive cancer, were younger and were best characterized by high optimism and strong sense of control over life.

Conclusions: The findings add to our understanding of exaggerated control perceptions in cancer patients treated with curative intent and do not give reason to assume that such perceptions should be altered because of potentially maladaptive effects. On the contrary, a strong sense of control over the cure of breast cancer seems to reflect Vorinostat inhibitor the capacity to adapt. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“BACKGROUND: Shear enhanced membrane modules are becoming popular as they enable high permeate flux in almost all membrane filtration processes due to the high shear rate they generate at the membrane surface. In this article, the design of a new shear

enhanced module with unique hydrodynamic cleaning facility is proposed. The device, presently at laboratory scale was named the Spinning Basket Membrane (SBM) module because of its inherent structural similarity with the well known Spinning Basket Reactor. An aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol was chosen as test fluid for the present study. RESULTS: The module was characterized under different parametric conditions of transmembrane pressure (TMP), feed concentration (C0) and rotational speed of the basket (O). It was observed that with its inbuilt cleaning facility the module was able to restrict the flux decline to within 15% of its start up value, even after 21 h of continuous running, with a maximum initial flux as high as 612 L m-2 h-1.