Binding to 5′-GMP in the cell-free setting suggests the possibility of DNA interactions, at least for the ruthenium complexes, but cannot explain the cytotoxic potency of the osmium analogues. Moreover, other ruthenium complexes such as KP1019 are known to avidly bind proteins, both extra- and

intracellular [20], lowering the probability that DNA interaction is relevant for their antitumor activity in vivo. Cell biological activities of ruthenium/osmium complexes with modified http://www.selleckchem.com/products/EX-527.html paullone (indolobenzazepine) ligands derived from known Cdk inhibitors were characterized in human cancer cell lines in vitro. Apart from the beneficial effect on aqueous solubility, the presence of the paullone ligands

seems to be favorable for biological activity as well. All of these compounds inhibit cancer cell growth in low micromolar concentrations and induce apoptotic cell death (to a lower extent also necrosis). The capacity of Cdk inhibition could be demonstrated in the cell-free setting, but is rather unlikely to be decisive for the antiproliferative mTOR inhibitor activity of the complexes studied here, given the weak effects on cell cycle progression. Further investigations will be required to clarify the actual basis for their mechanism of action. BrdU Bromodeoxyuridine We are indebted to the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) for financial support (project no. P20897-N19). G. Schmetterer (Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna) is gratefully acknowledged for providing the radiochemical facilities for kinase experiments. V. Dirsch and D. Schachner (Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna) are gratefully

acknowledged for providing the FACS instrument and for the technical instructions, respectively. “
“The authors regret the change of authorship. The new list of authors and affiliations are shown above. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused. “
“Figure options Download full-size image Download as PowerPoint slide James Fee passed away last April 17 in San Diego at the age of 72 after a battle with prostate cancer. Jim’s scientific work on superoxide dismutases and the Tangeritin respiratory oxidases from thermophilic bacteria constitutes seminal contributions that have provided important insights into the structure and function of these enzymes. Jim was best known for his pioneering work in bioenergetics, an area that was the focus of his research interests during most of his career. We feel privileged to have known him. Jim’s scientific education began in 1961 with a double major in Chemistry and History at Pasadena College in California, followed by a Ph.D. in Biochemistry at the University of Southern California in 1967.