Requirements on RF amplifier performance should also be investigated: because |B1+|-selective pulses used for slice selection would have higher power demands than conventional gradient-based slice-selective pulses, amplifier nonlinearities such as compression, droop, and phase distortions may be Afatinib nmr an issue. Preemphasizing the waveforms or leveraging recent developments in amplifier technology such as Cartesian feedback may mitigate these distortions [29] and [30]. Our results showed that |B1+|-selective pulses achieve similar |B1+| thresholds as BIR-4 pulses

of the same duration. The proposed algorithm will enable the user to directly specify the |B1+|-threshold and the |B1+| range over which a given tip angle is desired, within a given tip angle error tolerance, and the algorithm will produce the shortest possible pulse that meets those requirements. Given the results presented in Fig. 7 though, replacing adiabatic pulses with |B1+|-selective pulses may only be feasible when broad robustness to off-resonance is not a primary

design objective. Future work may also reveal a connection between |B1+|-selective and adiabatic pulses, that could enable the straightforward design of adiabatic pulses using the SLR algorithm. A new mathematical treatment and DAPT algorithm for |B1+|-selective RF pulse design Resveratrol was introduced and characterized in simulations and experiments. It is based on the direct design of a frequency modulation waveform using a rotated Shinnar–Le Roux slice-selective pulse design algorithm, and it inherits the desirable properties of the Shinnar–Le Roux algorithm. It can design accurate small-tip,

90° excitation/saturation, and inversion pulses. The pulses may be useful in RF gradient-encoded imaging, or as an alternative to adiabatic pulses. The authors would like to thank Dr. Adam Kerr for insightful discussions. “
“Even at equilibrium an ensemble of spins gives rise to a small fluctuating signal. This phenomenon was predicted by Bloch [1] in 1946, and was later detected under a variety of conditions for liquid 1H samples [2], [3], [4], [5] and [6] . For hyperpolarized solutions, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) noise has been reported for both 69Xe [7] and, more recently 1H [8]. NMR noise can also be used as an alternative tuning indicator, leading to the so called spin-noise tuning optimum (SNTO) [6], [9] and [10]. In this report, we demonstrate examples of the detection of NMR noise in solid state NMR under both static and MAS conditions. In previous communications [5] and [6] we referred to this noise by the term spin-noise only.