“
“To evaluate the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on fitness, adiposity and cardiometabolic outcomes among schoolchildren. Medline, Embase, Selleck ARN-509 EBSCOhost CINAHL and ERIC databases were searched up to October 2012. Inclusion criteria: intervention delivered at school with controls having no intervention or usual physical education classes; participants aged 5-18 years; outcomes spanning some or all of the above. We assessed levels of evidence for identified trials based on methodological quality and sample size. Dose of the interventions (a total summary measure of intensity, frequency and duration) were considered. Eighteen randomized controlled trials

(RCTs, total participants=6,207) were included, of which six were large, higher quality trials with high dose of the intervention. The intervention was consistent in increasing fitness with large, higher quality https://www.selleckchem.com/products/poziotinib-hm781-36b.html studies and high dose of intervention providing strong evidence. Dose of school-based physical activity is an important determinant of trial efficiency. Some large, higher quality RCTs provided strong evidence for interventions to decrease skin-fold thickness, increase fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Evidence for body mass index, body fat

and waist circumference, blood pressure and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol remain inconclusive and require additional higher quality studies with high dose of interventions to provide conclusive evidence.”
“Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of an “”enhanced”" invitation letter in increasing participation in an Australian cancer registry based study and assess the representativeness

of the study sample.

Study Design and Setting: Eight hundred hematological cancer survivors, diagnosed within the last 3 years and aged 18-80 years at recruitment, were selected from one Australian state-based cancer registry. Half were randomly allocated to receive the standard invitation letter (control group). The remaining half received a modified invitation letter, incorporating content and design characteristics recommended to improve written communication (intervention group).

Results: Of the 732 Selumetinib eligible survivors, 268 (37%) returned a completed survey. There was no difference in participation between the intervention (n = 131, 36%) and control groups (n = 137, 38%; P = 0.53). Participants were representative of the population for characteristics assessed, except for age group at diagnosis. Survivors 5(1 years or older at diagnosis had higher odds of returning a completed survey, 50-59 (odds ratio [OR]: 2.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47, 4.35), 60-69 (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.58-4.58), and 70-80 (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.07-3.

aureus infection in mice. To identify the antigenic epitope of ClfA, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) D01 against the recombinant protein was produced by the hybridoma technique. The mAb was used to immunoscreen a random phage-displayed peptide library as the immunogen. After three rounds of biopanning, 41 positive

clones were identified. Sixteen phage clones were sequenced and their amino acids were deduced. One mimotope (SKVGIDKRRGTA) showed good match with ClfA adhesin at 383-394 aa and the serum of mice induced by the phage clone clearly recognized ClfA adhesin. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: To prospectively differentiate, at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, patients with locally advanced

nonmucinous rectal cancer who will respond to long-course chemotherapy Z-VAD-FMK clinical trial and radiation therapy (CRT) from those who will not respond, with histopathologic CFTRinh-172 cell line results as the reference standard.

Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval for this study was obtained, and all patients provided written informed consent. High-spatial-resolution T2-weighted MR images were acquired before and 6-8 weeks after CRT in 53 patients (33 men, 20 women; mean age, 63 years; age range, 42-79 years). Patients were categorized as responders to CRT (patients with T3 cancer that converted to T2 or a lower stage, patients with T4 cancer that converted to T3 or a lower stage) or as nonresponders (patients with stable or progressive disease). At the posttreatment MR imaging examination, a decrease in signal intensity was considered to represent a morphologic response with fibrosis. Before CRT and surgery, tumor volume was calculated at MR imaging by multiplying cross-sectional area by section thickness. Tumor length was measured at MR imaging and in the histopathologic specimen. Nodal downstaging was evaluated. The relationship

between pathologic response, morphologic MR imaging response, and percentage volume reduction IPI-145 was evaluated with the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon two-sample test.

Results: Morphologic response assessment with MR imaging achieved a positive predictive value (PPV) of 84.2% (32 of 38) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 66.7% (10 of 15). Volume reduction extent (>= 70%) was significantly different between patients in whom disease was downstaged and those in whom it was not downstaged (P = .000005) and showed additional diagnostic value, with an overall accuracy of 86.8% (46 of 53). Presurgical MR imaging and histopathologic tumor length did not show a significant difference. MR imaging accuracy for lymph node (N) stage was 86.8% (46 of 53) on the basis of morphologic criteria.

Conclusion: After CRT, morphologic and volumetric evaluation at MR imaging had a high PPV and a low NPV for response assessment. The detection of small clusters of residual tumor cells within fibrosis remains a problem.

The aim of our study was to clarify the emergence status in both regimens by investigating uniformly managed neuroanesthesia cases.

The anesthesia database at Yamagata University Hospital covering the period 2002-2005 was retrospectively investigated for adult patients who underwent craniotomy for primary brain selleck chemical tumor excision. General anesthesia was provided by an isoflurane- (ISO group) or propofol-based (PROP group) regimen. Times to extubation and

operating room (OR) discharge, perioperative consciousness levels, and perioperative variables were compared.

Of the 202 surgeries performed during the study period, 77 and 82 patients were anesthetized with isoflurane and propofol, respectively. Demographic data were comparable between the two groups, although the American Society of Anesthesiology grade was worse in the ACY-738 PROP group. Extubation

times [39.5 +/- A 14.6 min (ISO) vs. 29.5 +/- A 14.9 min (PROP); P < 0.001] and OR discharge times [67.2 +/- A 18.0 (ISO) vs. 53.9 +/- A 17.6 min (PROP); P < 0.001] were significantly shorter in the PROP, with significantly better immediate consciousness levels. The differences in levels of consciousness persisted for several hours postoperatively. PROP patients had significantly higher urine outputs and lower body temperatures during anesthesia. The incidences of shivering, nausea, vomiting, and convulsions were not significantly different between the groups. The time to discharge was similar between the groups.

Propofol was associated with a better recovery profile and neurological condition than isoflurane, as indicated by shorter extubation

and OR discharge times and better postoperative consciousness.”
“Objective: Therapeutic hypothermia, also known as targeted temperature management (TTM), improves clinical outcomes in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Hyperthermia after discontinuation of active temperature management (“”rebound pyrexia”") has been observed, 3-MA mouse but its incidence and association with clinical outcomes is poorly described. We hypothesized that rebound pyrexia is common after rewarming in post-arrest patients and is associated with poor neurologic outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective multicenter US clinical registry study of post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM at 11 hospitals between 5/2005 and 10/2011. We assessed the incidence of rebound pyrexia (defined as temperature >38 degrees C) in post-arrest patients treated with TTM and subsequent clinical outcomes of survival to discharge and “”good”" neurologic outcome at discharge, defined as cerebral performance category (CPC) 1-2.

Results: In this cohort of 236 post-arrest patients treated with TTM, mean age was 58.1 +/- 15.7 y and 106/236 (45%) were female. Of patients who survived at least 24 h after TTM discontinuation (n = 167), post-rewarming pyrexia occurred in 69/167 (41%), with a median maximum temperature of 38.7 (IQR 38.3-38.9).

Clinical and biochemical evaluation aids in selecting the most appropriate candidate gene(s). A definite molecular diagnosis of thyroid dyshormonogenesis allows genetic counseling and has prognostic value in differentiating transient from permanent congenital hypothyroidism and predicting the response of patients to iodine supplementation as adjunct or alternative treatment to L-T(4) replacement.

Summary

Congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis is a heterogenic disorder that may be caused by mutations in any

of the known steps in the thyroid hormone biosynthesis pathway. An exact molecular diagnosis allows genetic counseling and the identification of asymptomatic mutation carriers at risk of recurrent hypothyroidism, and provides a rationale for adjunct iodide supplementation.”
“Pulmonary hypertension S63845 cost represents a group of conditions characterized by higher than normal pulmonary artery pressures. Despite improved treatments, outcomes in many instances remain poor. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension. This technique offers certain advantages over

other imaging modalities since it is well suited to the assessment see more of the right ventricle and the proximal pulmonary arteries. Reflecting the relatively sparse evidence supporting its use, CMR is not routinely recommended for patients with PND-1186 in vivo pulmonary hypertension. However, it is particularly useful in patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease. Furthermore, it has proven informative in a number of ways; illustrating how right ventricular remodeling is favorably reversed by drug therapies and providing explicit confirmation of the importance of the right ventricle to clinical outcome. This review will discuss these aspects and practical

considerations before speculating on future applications.”
“The dyeing of modified acrylic fabrics using indicaxanthin as a natural dye isolated from fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica has been studied in both conventional and ultrasonic techniques. Factors affecting the dyeing properties such as pH values, salt concentration, temperature, duration of dyeing bath, and ultrasonic power were studied. The optimal conditions for dyeing with indicaxanthin dye were carried out at 80 degrees C for 30 min at pH 3. Sonicator dyeing showed marked improvement in dye uptake. The results of fastness properties of the dyed fabrics were fair to good. Dyeing kinetics using conventional and ultrasonic conditions was compared. Color strength values obtained were found to be higher with ultrasonic than with conventional heating. Dyeing kinetics of modified acrylic fiber with indicaxanthin dye using conventional and ultrasonic conditions were compared.

This study demonstrated that the use of bran fractionation to reduce the particle size, Otto include only some parts of the bran in foods, can help developing grain-based products with increased nutritional potential. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“As a important part of endocrine surgery, laparoscopic surgery has become the gold standard for the treatment of benign symptomatic ovarian cysts refractory to medical treatment. In fact, the stripping technique seems to be the most common

technique used for ovarian cyst surgery. After stripping the cystic wall, the subsequent bleeding of the ovarian stromal wound ground is usually controlled by bipolar coagulation or/and by suturing. Potentially, the surgery-induced ovarian tissue damage will be increased by heat and/or XMU-MP-1 datasheet by sutures. In respect to intraovarian hemostasis, the use of gelantine-thrombin-matrix might protect from additional ovarian tissue damage, which is of great Pevonedistat inhibitor importance for the ovarian reproductive function in woman. For the first time, our data do support a promising laparoscopic technique demonstrating ovarian cystectomy without any bipolar coagulation

and/or suturing of ovarian tissue using a gelantine-thrombin-matrix sealant (FloSeal(A (c))) as a new tool to control post-cystectomy ovarian wound bleeding.”
“Methods: Forty-five patients with scleroderma (aged 54.6 +/- 14.7 years) and 30 healthy sex- and age-matched subjects were examined. In addition to routine studies,

24-hour Holter monitoring with assessment of HRT was performed.

Results: As compared to controls, HRT was significantly impaired in systemic sclerosis patients. Abnormal HRT defined as turbulence onset (TO) >= 0.0% and/or turbulence slope (TS) < 2.5 ms/RR (ms/RR interval) was found in 19 (42%) scleroderma patients and in no members of the control group. Serious ventricular arrhythmias Lown class IV (VA-LownIV), for example, couplets and/or nonsustained ventricular Liproxstatin-1 tachycardias, were observed in 16 (36%) scleroderma patients. The median value of TS was significantly lower in systemic sclerosis patients with VA-LownIV than in patients without VA-LownIV (3.68 vs 7.00 ms/RR, P = 0.02). The area under curve of ROC analysis for prediction of VA-LownIV was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.87) and revealed that TS < 9.0 ms/RR was associated with VA-Lown IV occurrence, with sensitivity of 93.7% and specificity of 44.8%. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that lower values of TS were associated with VA-LownIV occurrence (odds ratio 1.52, 95% CI 1.09-2.12, P = 0.01).

Conclusions: Patients with systemic sclerosis are characterized by significant HRT impairment. Assessment of HRT and especially TS is useful in the identification of patients at risk for ventricular arrhythmias. (PACE 2010; 920-928).

Because of patient denial/minimization/alexithymia, PHQ negatives should undergo further screening by having a spouse or friend complete a depression/distress rating scale. The only standardized, normed, and validated spouse/friend scale presently available is the Ketterer Stress Symptom Frequency Checklist, which is available by internet.”
“Nitrogen-doped ZnO thin films were grown on c-plane Ion Channel Ligand Library sapphire (Al(2)O(3)) substrates via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy using plasma activated nitric oxide (NO) as the oxygen source and dopant. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that a small NO flux benefits the crystal quality of the thin

films. Hall effect measurements indicate that the electron density of the ZnO films decreases gradually with decreasing NO flux, and the conduction reverses to p-type at a certain flux. Optical emission spectra indicate

that the N atom content in the NO plasma increases with decreasing NO flux, and the origin of this is discussed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that the number of N atom occupied O sites in the ZnO lattice increases correspondingly. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3626069]“
“Objective. The objective was to study the radiological and histologic changes in the mandibular cortices of ovariectomized monkeys.

Study design. Twelve female, adult, Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were used. Under anesthesia, 1 group was bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX), and the other (control group) underwent sham surgery. INCB024360 nmr Seventy-six weeks after surgery, the monkeys were humanely killed, their mandibles were excised, and their mandibular inferior cortices (MIC) and adjacent cortices were examined histologically and with panoramic radiographs and micro computed tomography.

Results. Striped shadows

were seen on the endosteal side of the OVX cortices on panoramic radiographs. Histologic observation revealed many enlarged pores with eroded surfaces and calcein labeling (indicating osteon remodeling) in the OVX cortices.

Conclusions. In the MIC and adjacent cortices of OVX monkeys, enlarged Haversian canals this website were seen and there were indications of a high rate of bone turnover. The enlarged Haversian canals resulted in striped shadows and unclear endosteal margins on radiographic images. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;111:372-380)”
“The miscibility of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PVC/PMMA) system was improved by introducing some pyrrolidone units into the main chains of PMMA. For that purpose, we have synthesized two copolymers of poly(methylmethacrylate-co-vinylpyrrolidone) (MMVP) through a radical polymerization and carried out a comparative study of PVC/MMVP blends by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods. The adequacy of seven n-alkane probes has been tested to determine the thermodynamic parameters.

HSM photomicrograph showed

presence of some unmelted portion even at 43A degrees C and completely melts on 51A degrees C in aged sample. It was found that there was no significant effect on floating ability of aged beads since it remains floats up to 8 h study period. Thus, it is concluded that beads of Gelucire 43/01 could be serve as an effective carrier for highly water-soluble antihyperglycemic drugs like MH for the controlled delivery.”
“BACKGROUND: Improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension have been documented in Canada following implementation of a national program to improve hypertension management.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there are regional variations in not treating diagnosed hypertension with drugs GSK2126458 Elafibranor concentration in Canada.

METHODS: Using data from

the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycle 3.1 (2005), regional variation in drug treatment of diagnosed hypertension was examined. Also, national drug data from the Intercontinental Medical Statistics CompuScript database were analyzed to determine regional trends in total antihypertensive prescriptions in the period before and following the CCHS cycle 3.1.

RESULTS: The overall rate of untreated hypertension among those diagnosed with hypertension in Canada was 12.7%. The highest untreated rate among those diagnosed with hypertension was in the Northern region (29.2%) and the lowest was in the Atlantic region (8.8%). Alberta (16.5%) and British Columbia (BC) (15.4%) also had higher untreated rates, while Ontario (13.2%) was PLX4032 mouse similar to Canada overall. Younger age, single/never married status, larger household size, lack of access to a family physician and daily smoking were all associated with a higher likelihood of not receiving antihypertensive treatment. Adjusting for demographic characteristics, diagnosed hypertensive patients in Alberta (adjusted OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.14 to 1.61]) and BC (adjusted OR 1.64 [95% CI 1.40 to 1.91]) were more likely

to be untreated than those in Ontario. The largest overall percentage increase in total antihypertensive prescriptions following the CCHS (ie, 2006) occurred in BC and Ontario. In Alberta, it remained almost unchanged and declined in Manitoba.

CONCLUSIONS: Among adult Canadians diagnosed with hypertension, there were regional variations in the likelihood of not receiving antihypertensive therapy. Further research is required to understand the reasons for these variations to regionally target interventions and improve hypertension management in Canada.”
“The endophyte Guignardia mangiferae is closely related to G. citricarpa, the causal agent of citrus black spot; for many years these species had been confused with each other. The development of molecular analytical methods has allowed differentiation of the pathogen G. citricarpa from the endophyte G. mangiferae, but the physiological traits associated with pathogenicity were not described.

Daily narcotic consumption, in morphine equivalent units, was noted both before and after detoxification.

Results: Six burn patients (average age, 31 years) underwent detoxification at the Burn Center during a hospitalization lasting between 1 day and 2 days. Average burn size was 38% total body surface

area (range, 17-65); average Injury Severity Score was 30 (range, 25-38). check details Mean duration of narcotic use was 672 days (range, 239-1,156 days); average use of narcotics at time of detoxification was >200 units daily. Mean outpatient consumption for opioids after the intervention was minimal (<25 units/d). No complications were noted during any procedures.

Conclusions: The results of ultrarapid opioid detoxification under anesthesia suggests that it is safe and effective for treating opioid addiction in military burn casualties when

a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach is used. Safety and effectiveness to date validate current practice and supports incorporation into clinical practice guidelines. Further clinical research is warranted to identify those patients who may benefit most from detoxification and to determine the www.selleckchem.com/products/PD-98059.html timing of such treatment.”
“Gemcitabine microparticles were prepared using chitosan, polyethylene oxide or carbopol as the mucoadhesive polymer and eudragit L100-55 as the enteric polymer by a double emulsion method. The particle size and zeta potential changed from 1338.3 +/- 254.1 nm to 2459.4 +/- 103.6 nm and -5.16 +/- 1.62 mV to 2.84 +/- 0.65 mV, respectively, with increasing chitosan to gemcitabine weight ratio from 0.25 to 1. The gemcitabine-loaded microparticles without mucoadhesive polymer (F50) showed the particle size and zeta potential of 671.3 +/- 58.3 nm and – 16.7 +/- 1.82 mV, respectively. The cellular uptake of gemcitabine Taselisib manufacturer into Caco-2 cells from gemcitabine-loaded microparticles with chitosan increased with increasing incubation time in Caco-2 cells compared to that of gemcitabine-loaded microparticles with polyethylene oxide or

carbopol, suggesting that chitosan might be the optimal mucoadhesive polymer. Gemcitabine microparticles will be tested to identify whether the oral absorption could be increased in the future.”
“Aims

We tested whether prevalence of cigarette pack display and smoking at outdoor venues and pack orientation changed following the introduction of plain packaging and larger pictorial health warnings in Australia.

Methods

Between October and April 2011-12 (pre-plain packaging, pre-PP) and 2012-13 (post-plain packaging, post-PP), we counted patrons, smokers and tobacco packs at cafes, restaurants and bars with outdoor seating. Pack type (fully branded, plain or unknown) and orientation were noted. Rates of pack display, smoking and pack orientation were analysed using multi-level Poisson regression.

Results

Pack display declined by 15% [adjusted incident rate ratio (IRR) = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.79-0.91, P < 0.

7%), Giardia lamblia (7.4%), Blastocystis spp. (4.7%), Iodamoeba butschlii (0.7%), Chilomastix mesnili (0.7%) and

Ascaris lumbricoides (0.7%). Multiple infections were more common among renal transplant recipients group (p < 0.05). This study highlights the importance of testing for intestinal parasites https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk2879552-2hcl.html among Iranian renal transplant recipients. Routine examinations of stool samples for parasites would significantly benefit the renal transplant recipients by contributing to reduce severe infections.”
“Background Tuberculosis (TB) has been reported to increase morbidity after kidney transplantation and pose a therapeutic challenge. However, population-based research, specifically focused on the association between kidney transplantation and subsequent pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB, is lacking. Methods A nationwide

population-based study was conducted using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, which provided claims data belonging to kidney transplant recipients during 19972006. Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for TB after kidney transplantation. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to assess the outcome of patients with TB. Results Among 4554 kidney transplant recipients over the 10-year period, 109 (2.4%) patients with newly diagnosed TB were identified: selleck chemical 75 patients with only pulmonary involvement, and 34 with extrapulmonary spread. The incidence of kidney transplant recipients developing TB was 638 per 100,000 person-years. The independent risk factors for post-transplant TB included cyclosporine-based immunosuppressant agents during the first year after kidney transplantation (odds ratio [OR]: 1.98, P = 0.001), hepatitis C infection (OR: 1.79, P = 0.024), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 1.50, P = 0.041). Kidney transplant recipients who developed TB had a lower 5-year survival rate

than those who did not (78.6% vs. 93.4%, P = 0.001). Conclusions Kidney transplant recipients in Taiwan did have a high risk of TB infection, with high proportion of extrapulmonary spread. Physicians need to be www.selleckchem.com/products/Vorinostat-saha.html vigilant in surveying for TB in kidney transplantation, especially in high-risk patients.”
“Purpose: this study was planned to evaluate the prevalence of HPV (excepting type 16) and HPV 16 by real-time PCR in colposcopy patients and to interprete the results with age, age of first sexual intercourse (FSI), parity and Pap smear results. Methods: one hundred and two colposcopy patients (50 and 52 of the patients were classified as colposcopy positive and negative, respectively) applying to Gynecology clinic were included. HPV (excepting type 16) and HPV 16 were detected by real-time PCR using the L1 region. Real-time nested amplifications of MY09/11 products were done by GP5+/GP6+ primers and Cyanine-5 labeled HPV and HPV 16 DNA specific probe after HPV DNA extraction by phenol chloroform isoamylalcohol.

(C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Purpose: The rapid emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic

MI-503 bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant bacteria, underlines the need to look for new antibiotics.

Methods: In the present study, 134 different actinomycetes, isolated from the soil samples collected from different localities of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh, were screened for antimicrobial activity against various test organisms including multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli in order to identify potential antibiotic producers.

Results: Among these isolates, 51 (38 %) showed antimicrobial activity against one or more test organisms and six exhibited promising broad-spectrum activity against all the tested organisms. The observed cultural, morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics confirmed that these

isolates are species of the genus, Streptomyces.

Conclusion: Further studies on the bioactive metabolites from these cultures will be useful for discovering novel compounds of clinical and agricultural use.”
“CSP and MICA have been recently studied in neonatal populations. The kinetics and appropriate dosing of this agent in premature and term infants have been described, but ongoing further studies are needed to better address this area. Case-report series show clinical efficacy and tolerability in critical neonatal patients given CSP and MICA. In addition, extrapolation of data from randomized trials conducted in pediatric and adult patients showed through a subgroup analysis that

both CSP and MICA Selleckchem BAY 63-2521 are effective and Selleckchem Galardin well tolerated also in neonates.

Further studies properly designed for neonatal populations will better address long-term safety and ecological issues related to echinocandin use in neonates.”
“Despite the relative recency of its inception, the theory of compressive sampling (aka compressed sensing) (CS) has already revolutionized multiple areas of applied sciences, a particularly important instance of which is medical imaging. Specifically, the theory has provided a different perspective on the important problem of optimal sampling in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with an ever-increasing body of works reporting stable and accurate reconstruction of MRI scans from the number of spectral measurements which would have been deemed unacceptably small as recently as five years ago. In this paper, the theory of CS is employed to palliate the problem of long acquisition times, which is known to be a major impediment to the clinical application of high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI). Specifically, we demonstrate that a substantial reduction in data acquisition times is possible through minimization of the number of diffusion encoding gradients required for reliable reconstruction of HARDI scans.